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OpenStack组件：放置服务（Placement）安装

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一、放置服务（Placement Service）的核心作用

OpenStack 放置服务（placement）是 Nova 组件的核心依赖服务，主要用于管理计算资源的调度和分配，解决以下关键问题：

资源跟踪：记录计算节点（Compute Node）的 CPU、内存、磁盘、PCI 设备等资源的使用情况和库存。
调度决策：为 Nova Scheduler 提供资源查询接口，帮助调度器根据资源过滤条件（如可用资源量、亲和 / 反亲和策略等）选择合适的计算节点。
多维度资源管理：支持对自定义资源类型（如 GPU 数量、FPGA 设备等）进行建模和跟踪，满足异构计算场景需求。

二、项目实施

1、安装与配置Placement放置服务

1.1、安装Placement软件包

[root@controller ~]# yum install -y openstack-placement-api

//查看用户信息

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep placement
//查看用户组信息
[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/group | grep placement

1.2、创建Placement的数据库并授权

[root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000   //进入数据库
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.5.25-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement;  //创建数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';   //远程管理授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.005 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;//退出
Bye

1.3、修改Placement配置文件

[root@controller ~]# cp /etc/placement/placement.conf /etc/placement/placement.bak[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/placement/placement.bak > /etc/placement/placement.conf[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/placement/placement.conf
[DEFAULT]
[api]
[cors]
[keystone_authtoken]
[oslo_policy]
[placement]
[placement_database]
[profiler][root@controller ~]# vim /etc/placement/placement.conf（编辑添加下面的内容）[DEFAULT]
[api]
auth_strategy = keystone[cors]
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = project
username = placement
password = 000000[oslo_policy]
[placement][placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:000000@controller/placement[profiler]

1.4、初始化Placement的数据库

//同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1280, "Name 'alembic_version_pkc' ignored for PRIMARY key.")result = self._query(query)//进入收据库验证同步是否成功
[root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 7
Server version: 10.5.25-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> use placement;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
MariaDB [placement]> show tables;
+------------------------------+
| Tables_in_placement          |
+------------------------------+
| alembic_version              |
| allocations                  |
| consumers                    |
| inventories                  |
| placement_aggregates         |
| projects                     |
| resource_classes             |
| resource_provider_aggregates |
| resource_provider_traits     |
| resource_providers           |
| traits                       |
| users                        |
+------------------------------+
12 rows in set (0.000 sec)

2、Placement组件初始化

2.1 、创建Placement用户并分配角色

[root@controller ~]# source admin-login   //导入环境变量，模拟登录//在openstack云计算平台中创建用户placement
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password 000000 placement
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 323ce14e683a490f8ee53d2b15a876b0 |
| name                | placement                        |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+//为用户分配admin角色
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project project --user placement admin

2.2、创建Placement服务及服务端点

//创建一个名字和类型都是placement的服务
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name placement placement//创建服务端点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778