Docker构建Vite项目内存溢出：从Heap Limit报错到完美解决的剖析

问题现象：诡异的"消失的index.html"

最近在CI/CD流水线中遇到诡异现象：使用Docker构建Vite项目时，dist目录中缺少关键的index.html文件，但本地构建完全正常。报错截图显示关键信息：

FATAL ERROR: Reached heap limit Allocation failed - JavaScript heap out of memory

[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | <--- Last few GCs --->
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | 
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | [42:0xffff885545d0]   119253 ms: Mark-Compact (reduce) 2041.5 (2083.8) -> 2040.4 (2084.2) MB, 1781.11 / 0.04 ms  (+ 883.5 ms in 150 steps since start of marking, biggest step 55.1 ms, walltime since start of marking 2996 ms) (average mu = 0.426, current m[42:0xffff885545d0]   122669 ms: Mark-Compact (reduce) 2041.4 (2084.2) -> 2041.1 (2084.7) MB, 3414.29 / 0.00 ms  (average mu = 0.241, current mu = 0.001) allocation failure; scavenge might not succeed
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | 
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | 
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | <--- JS stacktrace --->
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | 
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   | FATAL ERROR: Reached heap limit Allocation failed - JavaScript heap out of memory
[Docker Image CI/cmit-docker-ci]   |

一、问题定位过程

1. 错误日志分析

从GC日志可以看出内存耗尽的全过程：

[42:0xffff885545d0] 119253 ms: Mark-Compact (reduce) 2041.5 -> 2040.4 MB
...
scavenge might not succeed

• Node进程尝试回收内存失败（Mark-Compact阶段）
• 堆内存限制约2GB时崩溃（默认堆内存上限）

2. Docker环境特殊性验证

通过对比实验发现：

环境	结果
本地Win	构建成功
Docker容器	构建失败

二、根本原因解析

1. Vite构建内存机制

现代前端构建工具的内存消耗主要来自：

• 依赖图分析（尤其monorepo项目）
• 代码转译（Babel